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Thursday, March 28, 2013
The Weirdest Thing on the Internet Tonight: The Universe in 100 Heartbeats
19 Not Enough? The Duggars May Adopt More Kids!
As far as Jim Bob and Michelle Duggar are concerned, the world could still use more Duggars. The couple, who currently have 19 children (plus two grandchildren and a third on the way), told People that they've started to think about adopting more kids.
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Wednesday, March 27, 2013
Audioair Wants To Unlock Audio From Muted TVs Everywhere And Give Your Local Bar A New Way To Advertise
If you've ever been in a sports bar with your friends to watch a big game, you've likely run into the "muting" problem. While the bar may have two dozen TVs, each might be playing a different game, and there's either too much sound or none at all. At most local restaurants, bars, airports and health clubs, you'll find TVs muted for this very reason.Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/sIzZccJFbM4/
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Tuesday, March 26, 2013
Developing our sense of smell
Mar. 25, 2013 ? When our noses pick up a scent, whether the aroma of a sweet rose or the sweat of a stranger at the gym, two types of sensory neurons are at work in sensing that odor or pheromone. These sensory neurons are particularly interesting because they are the only neurons in our bodies that regenerate throughout adult life -- as some of our olfactory neurons die, they are soon replaced by newborns. Just where those neurons come from in the first place has long perplexed developmental biologists.
Previous hypotheses about the origin of these olfactory nerve cells have given credit to embryonic cells that develop into skin or the central nervous system, where ear and eye sensory neurons, respectively, are thought to originate. But biologists at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have now found that neural-crest stem cells -- multipotent, migratory cells unique to vertebrates that give rise to many structures in the body such as facial bones and smooth muscle -- also play a key role in building olfactory sensory neurons in the nose.
"Olfactory neurons have long been thought to be solely derived from a thickened portion of the ectoderm; our results directly refute that concept," says Marianne Bronner, the Albert Billings Ruddock Professor of Biology at Caltech and corresponding author of a paper published in the journal eLIFE on March 19 that outlines the findings.
The two main types of sensory neurons in the olfactory system are ciliated neurons, which detect volatile scents, and microvillous neurons, which usually sense pheromones. Both of these types are found in the tissue lining the inside of the nasal cavity and transmit sensory information to the central nervous system for processing.
In the new study, the researchers showed that during embryonic development, neural-crest stem cells differentiate into the microvillous neurons, which had long been assumed to arise from the same source as the odor-sensing ciliated neurons. Moreover, they demonstrated that different factors are necessary for the development of these two types of neurons. By eliminating a gene called Sox10, they were able to show that formation of microvillous neurons is blocked whereas ciliated neurons are unaffected.
They made this discovery by studying the development of the olfactory system in zebrafish -- a useful model organism for developmental biology studies due to the optical clarity of the free-swimming embryo. Understanding the origins of olfactory neurons and the process of neuron formation is important for developing therapeutic applications for conditions like anosmia, or the inability to smell, says Bronner.
"A key question in developmental biology -- the extent of neural-crest stem cell contribution to the olfactory system -- has been addressed in our paper by multiple lines of experimentation," says Ankur Saxena, a postdoctoral scholar in Bronner's laboratory and lead author of the study. "Olfactory neurons are unique in their renewal capacity across species, so by learning how they form, we may gain insights into how neurons in general can be induced to differentiate or regenerate. That knowledge, in turn, may provide new avenues for pursuing treatment of neurological disorders or injury in humans."
Next, the researchers will examine what other genes, in addition to Sox10, play a role in the process by which neural-crest stem cells differentiate into microvillous neurons. They also plan to look at whether or not neural-crest cells give rise to new microvillous neurons during olfactory regeneration that happens after the embryonic stage of development.
Funding for the research outlined in the eLIFE paper, "Sox10-dependent neural crest origin of olfactory microvillous neurons in zebrafish," was provided by the National Institutes of Health and the Gordon Ross Postdoctoral Fellowship. Brian N. Peng, a former undergraduate student (BS '12) at Caltech, also contributed to the study.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by California Institute of Technology. The original article was written by Katie Neith.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
- A. Saxena, B. N. Peng, M. E. Bronner. Sox10-dependent neural crest origin of olfactory microvillous neurons in zebrafish. eLife, 2013; 2 (0): e00336 DOI: 10.7554/eLife.00336
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
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Experts cut German economic growth forecast
BERLIN (AP) ? The German government's independent council of economic advisers has cut its forecast for growth this year to 0.3 percent after Europe's biggest economy shrank in the final quarter of 2012.
The revised 2013 growth forecast issued Monday compares with the 0.8 percent growth that the five-member panel predicted last November.
The economy contracted by 0.6 percent in last year's final quarter. It's expected to return to modest growth in the current quarter, avoiding recession. Across the whole of 2012, Germany's output expanded by 0.7 percent ? slower than in previous years but still a better performance than that of many other European countries.
The reduced forecast from the council of economists puts their outlook slightly below that of the government, which is predicting growth of 0.4 percent this year.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/experts-cut-german-economic-growth-forecast-153145718--finance.html
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Experts cut German economic growth forecast
BERLIN (AP) ? The German government's independent council of economic advisers has cut its forecast for growth this year to 0.3 percent after Europe's biggest economy shrank in the final quarter of 2012.
The revised 2013 growth forecast issued Monday compares with the 0.8 percent growth that the five-member panel predicted last November.
The economy contracted by 0.6 percent in last year's final quarter. It's expected to return to modest growth in the current quarter, avoiding recession. Across the whole of 2012, Germany's output expanded by 0.7 percent ? slower than in previous years but still a better performance than that of many other European countries.
The reduced forecast from the council of economists puts their outlook slightly below that of the government, which is predicting growth of 0.4 percent this year.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/experts-cut-german-economic-growth-forecast-153145718--finance.html
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Spring snow closes US schools, cancels flights
A city of Winchester crew picks up recycling along snow covered, tree lined Fairmont Ave. in Winchester, Va. as a storm dumped several inches of heavy, wet snow in the area. on Monday March 25, 2013. The National Weather Service says some areas in southwest Virginia could see up to 10 inches of snow Monday. Other areas could receive up to 6 inches. (AP Photo/The Winchester Star, Ginger Perry)
A city of Winchester crew picks up recycling along snow covered, tree lined Fairmont Ave. in Winchester, Va. as a storm dumped several inches of heavy, wet snow in the area. on Monday March 25, 2013. The National Weather Service says some areas in southwest Virginia could see up to 10 inches of snow Monday. Other areas could receive up to 6 inches. (AP Photo/The Winchester Star, Ginger Perry)
Jonathan Hines digs his car out of the snow on State Street, in Lafayette, Ind., on Monday, March 25, 2013, after a record-setting storm dumped more than 7 inches of snow in the area, bringing plows out in force and keeping police busy chasing a string of slide-offs. (AP Photo/The Journal & Courier, Brent Drinkut) MANDATORY CREDIT; NO SALES .
Snow accumulates on crosses at the Church of St John the Baptist in Larksville, Pa., Monday March 25, 2013. There were no major problems reported despite the widespread snowfall. (AP Photo/The Citizens' Voice, Mark Moran) MANDATORY CREDIT Mark Moran PAWIC102
Dakota Kimble 11, left, his brother, Kaden Kimble 9 and father David Kimble teamed up to shovel several inches of snow from their front sidewalk and a neighbor's Monday morning, March, 25, 2013 in Winchester, Va. The National Weather Service says some areas in southwest Virginia could see up to 10 inches of snow Monday. Other areas could receive up to 6 inches. (AP Photo/The Winchester Star, Ginger Perry)
A pedestrian and a baby try to keep the snow off while walking along the Coney Island boardwalk in New York, Monday, March 25, 2013. A wide-ranging storm is hitting the East Coast after blanketing the Midwest and burying thoughts of springtime weather under a blanket of heavy wet snow and slush, though less snow was predicted to fall as the storm moves eastward. (AP Photo/Seth Wenig)
HAMBURG, Pa. (AP) ? Five days into spring, warm weather and budding flowers were just a rumor Monday as the East Coast endured another blast of winter.
A wide-ranging storm that buried parts of the Midwest weakened as it moved east but still managed to carpet lawns and fields in a fresh layer of white. Many schools opened late or closed early, and hundreds of flights were canceled.
The cold temperatures and miserable mixture of snow and rain had people longing for more agreeable weather.
"I'm ready for flip flops," said Jessica Cunitz, 24 of Westchester County, N.Y., who stopped at a gas station along Interstate 78 in Pennsylvania to fill her overheating car with antifreeze. "It's supposed to be spring."
In Maryland, Michael Pugh donned a wool coat, knit cap, waterproof pants and heavy boots to trudge more than a mile through four inches of wet snow to his bank in downtown Hagerstown, about 70 miles west of Baltimore. He pronounced the weather "dreadful."
By this time of year, "I was hoping it'd be sunny and the weather breaking," said Pugh, a warehouse worker who turned 38 Monday. "Every day I think I can pack up the winter coat, and break out the spring clothes, and I can't."
Earlier, the storm walloped the Midwest, dumping a record 17 inches in Springfield, Ill., and a foot or more elsewhere in the state. Travel remained treacherous Monday afternoon, with Interstate 55 and 57 still covered in snow and ice, according to the Illinois Department of Transportation. Numerous vehicles were reported to be off roads, according to Illinois state police.
In downtown Springfield, coffee-shop manager Mike Zengilani said food-delivery trucks were hours late. But he didn't think about closing.
"Everyone else closes, so it's good for us to be open," Zengilani said. "It's Monday, it's definitely slower, but we all made the effort to come in."
The system was little more than a nuisance by the time it reached the East Coast. Air travel saw the biggest impact, with nearly 600 flights canceled as of Monday afternoon, according to the FlightAware tracking service. Hardest-hit airports included those in New York, Philadelphia and Washington.
Roadways, meanwhile, were mostly wet.
In Hamburg, Pa. ? which has seen three here-and-gone snowfalls in little more than a week ? carpet installer Seth Hanna drank coffee and surveyed the slush from a covered front porch.
"We got these warm days a few weeks ago, and everybody got their hopes up. March is supposed to be out like a lamb but it's not doing it," said Hanna, 30. "I love the snow, but I'm ready for some warm spring weather."
Robert Fink, 25, of Magnolia, N.J. said the worst part about yet another snow storm was having to shovel. Fink ? shovel in hand outside a truck stop in Bordentown ? said he longed for Florida, where he used to live.
"I'm a wimp when it comes to the cold," he said.
At the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington, people waiting in line for tickets to this week's arguments on gay marriage held umbrellas or put tarps over their belongings as the snow fell. Darienn Powers wore a trash bag from the waist down to keep dry, but said the snow still made everything "a little wet and uncomfortable."
The spring snow was not expected to affect Washington's famous cherry blossoms. National Park Service spokeswoman Carol Johnson said the flowering trees are still expected to reach peak bloom between April 3 and April 6.
Mitchell Gaines, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Mount Holly, N.J., said colder-than-normal temperatures the past few weeks had created conditions ripe for snow.
"It's fairly late in March to see a system like this," he said.
___
Associated Press writers David Dishneau in Hagerstown, Md., Rema Rahman in Bordentown, N.J., Regina Garcia Cano in Springfield, Ill., and Jessica Gresko in Washington contributed to this story.
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